What Types Of Container Houses Are There?

At present, housing containers have become a new market for containers. Housing containers have the characteristics of fast transportation and have the advantages of being used alone or in combination. They can not only be used as small houses, toilets, kitchens, laundry rooms, small meeting rooms, office spaces, small supermarkets, etc., but also can be used as relatively large meeting rooms, villa-style residences, hospitals, hotels, office buildings, etc. through combined design and assembly; in addition, housing containers can also be widely used in temporary activity places, such as oil fields and mines, battlefields, and areas with damaged houses after disasters.
Generally speaking, the use of housing containers is highly temporary. In layman's terms, container houses built by housing containers are steel structure houses similar to container forms, also known as box buildings. The main structure and interior and exterior decoration of the container house, including internal water and electricity installation, functional area division and room supporting facilities (such as color TV, refrigerator, washing machine, bathing equipment, sanitary and furniture, etc.), are all completed in the factory. The works completed on the construction site include the installation of the house container on the prefabricated base, water and electricity connection and some improvement processes, the installation and power connection of the distribution cabinet in the room, the connection between the house water inlet and the outdoor water source network, and the connection between the house sewage outlet and the outdoor sewage network. The construction of the house container has the characteristics of industrialized production, reflecting the characteristics of fast, changeable, simple and efficient construction; it adopts non-masonry structure, the overall mass is light, and the steel structure is connected by nodes. The ductility and activity of the structure make it have strong seismic resistance; it has an integral bottom structure, which is convenient for setting dampers. Under the action of the dampers, its seismic resistance effect is more obvious.
Advantages of container houses:
(1) Generally, steel structure is the main structure, supplemented by wood structure;
(2) The structure is connected by welding or bolts, and its reliability can be guaranteed through process inspection or post-completion test;
(3) The box body has an insulation layer, which has obvious heat insulation effect. The house built with it has better insulation performance than the traditional masonry structure house;
(4) The doors and windows of the house built with it have strong reliability, safety and flexibility, and are more personalized;
(5) Its interior decoration and decoration adopt industrial standards to improve safety and reliability;
(6) The water and electricity design and installation meet the installation regulations and standards of the area of ​​use;
(7) It has a certain ability to resist wind, earthquake and snow disasters, which can be verified by impact test;
(8) The fire protection design is more reasonable;
(9) The area utilization rate is high, and the wall thickness of the house built with it is less than the wall thickness of the masonry structure house (generally 240mm);
(10) The total mass of the house built with it is lower than that of ordinary buildings, and the pressure on the foundation is relatively small. Disadvantages of container houses:
(1) Insufficient fire resistance. When the combustion temperature reaches 600℃, the steel structure will melt;
(2) The steel structure is prone to rust, and anti-rust measures must be taken.
Relevant supervisory agencies can track and inspect the construction process of container houses, including supervision and management of procurement projects, evaluation, review and selection of manufacturers, design review, typhoon prevention calculation review, inspection and certification of raw materials and components, production process quality control, circuit and water pressure testing before leaving the factory, control of production progress and delivery time, and pre-delivery inspection. In short, the entire process of container house construction should be carried out under the supervision of a third party to ensure its quality.
Classification of housing containers
1. Dry-box housing containers Dry-box housing containers reflect some of the main features of dry cargo containers. Their steel structure is a dry-box structure stretched on the basis of ISO standard containers, and the main structure is completed by adding internal and external insulation layers, decorative panels, etc.; keels are set between the internal and external insulation layers to increase the strength of the inner wall; the floor is made of foamed cement board or fiber cement board, and the surface paving materials can be plastic floor, wooden floor, bamboo wood floor or adhesive floor tiles; the inner wall is generally made of gypsum board or fiber cement board, and then wallpaper is laid; the insulation material can be selected from rock wool, glass fiber or polyurethane foam material according to the use environment; the internal facilities are equipped according to customer requirements; the transport corners are arranged in the standard position of ISO standard containers, which is convenient for the transportation of housing containers. The high structural strength of dry-box housing containers and the convenience of transportation make them popular with many customers; but because the outer shell used to build the house is completely steel structure, it lacks a sense of warmth and is more suitable for use as an office space. The water and electricity circuits of dry-box housing containers are generally arranged between the outer insulation layer and the inner keel. The top circuit is arranged in the insulation layer. Generally, the waterway is arranged by grooving on the bottom cement board. The sewage channel is set under the cement board to reduce damage to the cement board, and appropriate safety protection measures are taken for the pipes extending outside the box.
In order to increase the aesthetic appearance and improve the thermal insulation performance, the current dry box housing container adds a roof and external hanging. The ceiling can be made of galvanized steel plate, aluminum-plated steel plate, PVC profile, fiber cement board, etc., and the outer surface is added with a thermal insulation coating to enhance the thermal insulation effect. The slope layout is adopted to reduce the risk of water leakage; the external hanging material can be galvanized steel plate, aluminum-plated steel plate, aluminum profile, PVC profile, fiber cement board, etc. Since the dry box housing container has an outer steel plate, the layout of the external hanging is very convenient.
2. Light steel keel housing container Light steel keel housing containers are divided into the following two forms: (1) The manufacturer completes the assembly of the housing container structure in the factory, and then installs it on the base of the site and connects it to water and electricity for use; (2) The structural panels of the housing container are loaded into the container by the manufacturer after production in the factory and transported to the site, and then the panels are assembled and used.
Light steel keel housing containers have a stable bottom structure system, with steel keels as the main wall and roof, decorative panels inside the wall, and exterior wall hangings outside the wall. The keel mechanism between the decorative panels and the hangings is used to support the wall surface, and the top adopts a light steel system plus an exterior roof structure. Compared with dry box housing containers, light steel keel housing containers have the following advantages: (1) More cozy atmosphere; (2) Less materials are used, and the difficulty of production is reduced; (3) The outer wall plate and outer top plate are eliminated, and the outer top hanging plate and outer wall hanging plate are directly used to effectively prevent rainwater accumulation and leakage; (4) The weight is lighter and more in line with the requirements of low carbon and environmental protection; (5) Because the top is supported by light steel keels, it has more structural plasticity and flexibility, and the internal division is simpler and easier. The electrical and water circuit layout principle of light steel keel housing containers is the same as that of dry box housing containers, that is, the safety regulations of the area of ​​use must be complied with to ensure its safety.
3. Plug-in housing containers Plug-in housing containers are generally based on 20-foot standard containers. The top and bottom of this type of housing container are equipped with corner fittings that meet the ISO 20-foot standard container transportation requirements. The corner fittings have components connected to the corner posts and form an integral structure with the top and bottom, which is simple and quick to assemble. The manufacturer completes the production of the top and bottom, corner posts, windows and doors, and the overall structure and insulation board in the factory, and then uses the bottom of the box as the bearing mechanism and the top as the cover plate to assemble it into a 20-foot standard container. Since the house built with plug-in housing containers is spliced ​​and installed, the water system needs to be designed in advance and then added on site. If the house is assembled with multiple plug-in housing containers, it is necessary to consider the waterproofing of the splicing box connection, and a special drainage mechanism needs to be designed. The circuits of this type of housing container are generally arranged on the top and its sides, and circuits and waterways are generally not arranged on the wall except for switches and sockets. Due to the use of a plug-in connection frame structure, the strength of the plug-in housing container is weaker than that of the dry box housing container, and it is suitable for places with less rain and natural disasters.
4. Rotating housing container Rotating housing containers are divided into side panel rotating housing containers and side panel folding rotating housing containers. The former expands a single standard container to 2~3 times the original size by rotating the side panels to form a house; the latter connects the plug-in house container through hinges and arranges the side panels reasonably to make it easy to fold and place. When in use, it can be rotated to meet the height requirements. The front and rear ends of the side panel rotating house container are combined with the top and bottom to form a fixed whole. The top is the main body, and an upward flip plate is added to the top beam. The rotating plate is added to the side column and rotated outward to become an end plate parallel to the front and rear ends, and an outward flipping hanging plate is added to the lower side beam. This type of house container is easy to transport and can ensure the strength of the main structure. Its sealing and the support of the flip hanging plate are design difficulties. The folding and rotation of the side panel folding and rotating house container is a design difficulty. It requires that the folding plate should not occupy additional space, and that it should have the largest effective space after being unfolded and rotated into a house, and it must also meet the requirements of water leakage prevention performance. Compared with the side panel rotating house container, the strength of this type of house container is reduced and the wind resistance is also weakened. The circuit layout of the rotating house container generally avoids the rotating edge, so there are great challenges in the design and layout of water and circuits.
5. Pull-out house container Pull-out house container is actually a combination of two boxes, one side of the main box is closed and the other side is open, and the auxiliary box is equivalent to a drawer. The design difficulty of this type of house container lies in the convenience and fit of pulling and pulling, the rationality of the auxiliary box support, and the sealing and waterproofness after pulling and closing. The circuit layout of this type of house container adopts on-site plug-in, and the waterway layout adopts a combination of pre-installation and on-site installation. Pull-out house containers give full play to the ductility of containers. When used, a 40-foot house box can be expanded into a house the size of two 40-foot containers.
6. Wooden structure house container Wooden structure house container adopts a wooden structure system, and also has some steel structure. Generally, it adopts node connection, and its interior and exterior are decorated with quick assembly materials. When using wooden structure house container, the foundation needs to be built in advance, and the container is transported to the installation site in a modular way, and then the house is built by connection. The water and electricity circuits of this type of house container generally adopt the method of "external procurement + on-site installation". Houses built with wooden structure house containers have the advantages of green environmental protection and meet certain strength and stability requirements. At present, this type of house container is widely used in Europe, the United States and Japan.
Building houses with container houses requires the use of modern technology for intelligent design, modular production, and fool-proof assembly. At the same time, it is necessary to combine new technologies such as solar energy, light energy, wind energy, and air energy with container houses to truly form a characteristic industrial chain to expand the container house market. The container house industry is a new green and environmentally friendly industry with a very promising future development prospect.