What is prefabricated construction? This construction method is to prefabricate components in standardized batches in the factory, transport them to the construction site for assembly, reliably connect them with other components, and finally complete the construction. If building a house is like a chef cooking a big meal, then prefabricated construction is like pre-processing the ingredients (building components) in the central kitchen (factory), and then transporting them to the store kitchen (construction site) for cooking (assembly).
Definition of prefabricated building?
The so-called prefabricated building is actually the abbreviation of prefabricated and assembled building. It is a type of building that uses modern scientific and technological means to transform the backward traditional handicraft production mode of the construction industry into a socialized large-scale production. Prefabricated building is a form of realizing the industrialization of construction, including industrial construction industrialization, residential construction industrialization and public construction industrialization.
Take residential industrialization as an example. A concept that is easily confused with it is called residential industrialization. Both are translated as Housing Industrialization. Residential industrialization refers to the transformation of production methods from traditional semi-manual and semi-mechanical to modern mechanical production. Residential industrialization is aimed at the innovation of the entire construction industry chain. The latter includes the former, and also has the marketization, informatization, and sustainability of the residential industry. There are differences and connections between the two. Prefabricated buildings use cutting-edge technology, advanced equipment, reasonable construction organization methods, high mechanization level, and the resulting technology development system is efficient and scientific, which can fully promote the production and development of prefabricated components in the construction industry.
Characteristics of prefabricated buildings?
(1) Standardization of design
The first prerequisite for the development of prefabricated buildings is standardization, and the core of standardized design is modularization. In addition, standardization combined with diversity will also promote the serialization and generalization of prefabricated components. In recent years, BIM technology has begun to gain attention, and information technology has also begun to be applied to architectural design and actual projects, which in turn provides technical support for improving project construction efficiency and saving construction costs.
(2) Factory production of prefabricated components
The factory production of prefabricated components refers not only to the prefabrication of building components in factories, but also to the factory production of the main structure of the building, which is an important link in the implementation of prefabricated buildings. Under this production method, the construction accuracy of the main structure of the building is guaranteed, the building quality is stable, and the workload of on-site construction workers is reduced.
(3) Specialization of construction and installation
Only a small number of professional construction workers are needed for the construction site of prefabricated buildings, which is also the biggest difference between the construction process of prefabricated buildings and traditional buildings. Simple installation procedures and reduced wet operations have improved the professional level of construction technology, high-level machinery and equipment, and more precise construction methods.
(4) Integration of building structure
The integration of building structure can realize the prefabrication of various materials, making the main structure of the building more unified and solid when it is completed.
